Architecture & Engineering
Surangam tunnel wells
traditionalKerala and Karnataka farmersKasaragod regionKerala
1800
Horizontal tunnels dug into laterite hills to tap groundwater.
- Dated
- 1800–2025
- As scholars put it
- traditional
- Originator
- Kerala and Karnataka farmers
- Source text
- Kasaragod region
- Region
- Kerala
- Discipline
- Architecture & Engineering
- Evidence
- Documented
- Confidence
- Medium
- Verification
- Reference-cited
Meanwhile in the West
Resemble Persian qanats.
Fair to say
Related tunnel-well traditions exist elsewhere.
Path to modern innovation
Sustainable water harvesting.
References
- 1Regional studies
Further reading
Corrections and additional sources: edit IND-322 on GitHub.